Top 10 study destinations outside the Big Four

The United States, United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia remain dominant in international education, hosting over half of the world’s overseas students.

However, other destinations are gaining attention due to policy changes and shifting trends in student mobility. With over 9 million students projected to study abroad by 2030, alternative destinations are becoming more significant.

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According to The Pie, here are the top 10 study destinations outside the Big Four

Germany

Germany continues to attract international students, with over 400,000 expected in the 2024/25 winter semester. A recent survey by DAAD found that 90% of German institutions reported stable or increasing numbers of newly enrolled international students. Indian students form the largest group, followed by Chinese students. However, international students in Germany face challenges, including visa delays, accommodation shortages, and high living costs.

France

France has implemented initiatives to attract international students, with over 430,000 registered in the 2023/24 academic year, marking a 4.5% increase. Campus France has launched the fourth phase of the ‘Study in Europe’ initiative to improve visibility and strengthen international strategies. The French government aims to attract 30,000 Indian students by 2030, with over 10,000 expected in 2024. Concerns remain over the impact of political changes on international students.

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South Korea

South Korea is growing as a study destination due to its cultural influence and technological advancement. Over 205,000 international students are enrolled, with a target of 300,000 by 2027. The top source countries include Vietnam, China, and Uzbekistan. The number of American students has also increased significantly, driven by Korean pop culture and English-taught programmes. A recent survey found that four in ten international students plan to stay in South Korea for work.

Japan

Japan has set a goal of increasing its international student population from 280,000 to 400,000 by 2033. China remains the largest source market, followed by Nepal, Vietnam, South Korea, and Myanmar. Leading universities, such as the University of Tokyo, are introducing new programmes to attract international students. The government has made visas more accessible to address an ageing population, but concerns exist regarding job prospects and integration of English-taught courses.

China

China is a major international student source market and also hosts a large number of students. In 2021, there were 255,720 full-time international students in the country. Lower tuition fees, more scholarships, and strong university rankings have increased its appeal. The new 2024 Degree Act is expected to enhance international partnerships and improve the quality of education for international students.

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New Zealand

New Zealand has seen a 24% increase in international students compared to 2023. A full post-Covid recovery is expected by 2025. A survey found that nearly nine out of ten international students rated New Zealand positively, with many describing it as an excellent study destination. The government aims to increase the sector’s economic contribution to $4.4 billion by 2027. Visa and post-study work visa fees have also been adjusted in response to global trends.

Malaysia

Malaysia is emerging as a study destination with a growing number of international students, particularly from China. The country aims to host 250,000 international students by 2025. A new visa allows graduates and their dependents to stay in Malaysia for up to a year for further studies, travel, or part-time work. A fast-track process for international students at airports has been introduced to improve their experience.

Ireland

Ireland is working on strategies to attract more international students and researchers. The Global Citizens 2030, International Talent and Innovation Strategy aims for a 10% increase in student numbers by 2030. The government is appointing six Talent and Innovation Attachés to support this initiative. Ireland is focusing on students from South Asia and Africa, with Indian students forming the largest non-EU group. However, international students face challenges related to housing, employment, and discrimination.

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Turkey

Turkey has grown as a study destination, with over 300,000 international students in 2022/23, up from 48,183 a decade earlier. The largest student groups come from Syria, Azerbaijan, Iran, Turkmenistan, and Iraq. Around 40,000 African students are also enrolled, with one-third being female. The government recognises the economic contributions of international students and continues to support their enrolment.

Italy

Italy is a key study destination in the EU and a major destination for US students studying abroad. In 2022/23, 15% of US students chose Italy, a 37% increase from the previous year. However, new visa regulations requiring individual appointments for fingerprinting have raised concerns among stakeholders. The policy may make students consider alternative destinations or favour shorter study programmes.