The number of active military personnel varies across Africa, with some countries maintaining a small force due to economic constraints, regional stability, and international security alliances.
Many prioritise counter-terrorism, border security, and peacekeeping over military expansion. A limited active force affects a nation’s response to security challenges, restricting prolonged operations and deployment against terrorism and cross-border incursions.
Smaller states face difficulties maintaining territorial integrity, increasing vulnerability to external threats. Insufficient military coverage in remote areas allows insurgent activities to grow. A reduced force also limits deterrence against aggression in a region where border and resource disputes are frequent.
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According to Global Firepower, here are the top 10 African countries with the smallest active military forces in 2025
1. Liberia – 1,500 Active military manpower
Liberia has the smallest number of active military manpower in Africa, with 1,500 personnel. The country’s defence system is primarily supported by international partnerships. Following years of civil unrest, Liberia continues to focus on reconstruction and stability rather than military expansion.
2. Benin – 4,750 Active military manpower
Benin has 4,750 active military manpower. The country prioritises internal security and peacekeeping missions. Its military forces are primarily engaged in border security and countering regional threats such as piracy and organised crime.
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3. Gabon – 4,800 Active military manpower
Gabon maintains a small but professional military force of 4,800 personnel. Its defence policy emphasises stability within its borders and regional peacekeeping efforts. The country relies on international defence agreements to supplement its security needs.
4. Republic of Congo – 8,500 Active military manpower
The Republic of Congo has 8,500 active military manpower. The country has experienced periods of instability, but its military remains focused on internal security and regional cooperation. The government invests in training and equipment rather than large troop numbers.
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5. Central African Republic – 10,000 Active military manpower
With 10,000 active military manpower, the Central African Republic faces ongoing security challenges. The country continues to rely on foreign military assistance and United Nations peacekeeping forces to address internal conflicts and external threats.
6. Mozambique – 11,200 Active military manpower
Mozambique has 11,200 active military manpower. The country has faced insurgencies in its northern regions and has received military support from international allies. The government focuses on counter-terrorism and maritime security rather than maintaining a large standing army.
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7. Burkina Faso – 12,000 Active military manpower
Burkina Faso has 12,000 active military manpower. The country has been dealing with security threats from armed groups, particularly in the Sahel region. Military efforts are concentrated on counter-terrorism operations and border security.
8. Sierra Leone – 13,000 Active military manpower
Sierra Leone has 13,000 active military manpower. The country’s military has transitioned from post-civil war rebuilding efforts to maintaining stability and participating in peacekeeping missions. The government continues to invest in military training and infrastructure.
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9. Namibia – 13,000 Active military manpower
Namibia’s military consists of 13,000 active military manpower. The country has maintained political stability and has a limited need for a large military force. Defence spending is focused on training and modernisation rather than troop expansion.
10. Madagascar – 13,500 Active military manpower
Madagascar has 13,500 active military manpower. The country’s military is primarily responsible for internal security and disaster response. It maintains a small force due to the absence of major external threats.
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