The economic outlook for 2025 shows disparities in global wealth, with some countries having low GDP per capita. Economic challenges, political instability, and conflict affect these nations.
Limited industrialisation and governance issues impact national wealth. Addressing these requires investment in infrastructure, economic diversification, and stability. In 2025, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) assessed national prosperity by estimating GDP per capita.
This metric, based on the total value of goods and services produced, is divided by the resident population. A refined measure, purchasing power parity (PPP), accounts for inflation rates and local costs, providing a clearer picture of economic strength.
Read also: 10 poorest African countries in 2025 – IMF
According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Here are the 10 poorest countries by GDP per capita (PPP) in 2024 – IMF as of March 02.
1. South Sudan – $960.24 GDP per capita
South Sudan remains the country with the lowest GDP per capita. Ongoing internal conflicts, economic instability, and reliance on oil exports have hindered economic progress. Infrastructure deficits and humanitarian challenges affect development.
2. Burundi – $1,008 GDP per capita
Burundi continues to struggle with a low GDP per capita. Limited industrialisation and reliance on subsistence agriculture contribute to economic difficulties. Political uncertainty and weak foreign investment affect growth.
3. Central African Republic – $1,313 GDP per capita
The Central African Republic faces economic struggles due to prolonged conflict and governance challenges. The country has rich natural resources but lacks the infrastructure to develop them. Security concerns limit investment opportunities.
Read also: Top 10 richest countries in Africa in 2025 – IMF
4. Malawi – $1,764 GDP per capita
Malawi’s economy depends heavily on agriculture. Weather conditions, low productivity, and limited industrialisation affect economic growth. The country faces challenges in expanding its manufacturing sector and improving living standards.
5. Mozambique – $1,786 GDP per capita
Mozambique continues to experience economic struggles due to debt challenges and slow infrastructure development. The country has significant natural gas reserves but faces difficulties in translating these into broad economic gains.
6. Somalia – $1,899 GDP per capita
Somalia’s economy is affected by prolonged instability. Weak governance and ongoing security concerns impact foreign investment. The informal sector dominates economic activity, and basic services remain limited.
Read also: Top 10 poorest countries in Africa in 2024 – IMF
7. Democratic Republic of the Congo – $1,908 GDP per capita
Despite vast mineral resources, the Democratic Republic of the Congo faces economic challenges due to governance issues and instability. The country struggles with infrastructure deficits, limiting industrialisation and economic expansion.
8. Liberia – $2,002 GDP per capita
Liberia’s economy depends on natural resources and agriculture. High unemployment and limited industrialisation constrain economic progress. The country faces external debt concerns, affecting investment in critical sectors.
Read also: Top 10 African countries projected to be top earners in 2025
9. Yemen – $2,017 GDP per capita
Yemen’s economy continues to struggle due to conflict and political instability. The humanitarian situation remains severe, affecting economic development. Limited access to international trade impacts economic recovery.
10. Madagascar – $2,061 GDP per capita
Madagascar’s economy relies on agriculture, tourism, and mining. Economic challenges stem from infrastructure deficits and climate-related risks. The country faces difficulties in expanding its industrial base to boost economic growth.
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