Nigerians continue to grapple with petrol scarcity as the landing cost of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS), also known as petrol, has surged to a staggering N978 per litre, according to findings by BusinessDay.
At the black-market rate of N1,500 per dollar, findings showed the landing cost of petrol, which includes the product’s international price, shipping, insurance, and other charges, increased to N978 /litre from N720/litre in October 2023.
“The rising landing cost of petrol is a result of the rising FX crisis. There are interventions in the market through subsidies as most Nigerians cannot afford the market price for petrol,” a senior executive in the downstream sector said.
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The naira on Monday hit three month-low of N1,530 per dollar on the parallel market, also known as the black market, following renewed pressure on demand for the greenback by the end users.
This represents 0.65 percent (N10) lost compared to N1,520 quoted on Friday on the black market. The local currency was quoted at N1,5723 per dollar on July 9, 2024 according to data collated from FMDQ.
Aisha Mohammed, an energy analyst at the Lagos-based Centre for Development Studies, said the commodity was being partially subsidised by the government for political, social and economic reasons.
“All of us who were saying that they should remove the subsidy, we can see that they have partially removed it now, but look at the consequences. Economically, it will sound good, but socially and politically, it is very costly,” Mohammed said.
Further findings showed the landing cost of N978 does not include Nigerian Ports Authority charges, vessel charges, the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency charge, and other distribution costs.
Some of these are charged in dollars, and some experts are calling for a review to reduce petrol costs.
“We must resist the dollarization of the Nigerian economy; there are some fee collections in dollars that are also pushing up the landing cost of petrol,” the source said.
Efforts to get Olufemi Soneye, the chief corporate communications officer at Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPC), to confirm if the federal government has reverted to petrol subsidy proved abortive.
President Bola Tinubu, during his inaugural speech on May 29, 2023, declared that subsidy on petrol was gone, a declaration that was effectively implemented the next day by the NNPC.
Before Tinubu’s declaration, the pump price of petrol was below N190/litre; it jumped to over N500/litre after the President’s statement, and moved up again to over N600/litre a few weeks later.
While the federal government has repeatedly denied the payment of any subsidy on petrol, a report submitted to President Tinubu by the finance minister, Wale Edun, and seen by BusinessDay showed the government’s projection on subsidy.
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According to the report, fuel subsidy is projected to gulp about N5.4 trillion in 2024 as against the N3.6 trillion budgeted for the same intervention in 2023.
The finance minister, Edun, told reporters also that subsidy removal is an ongoing process, suggesting that a complete removal is not yet achieved.
“It is an ongoing conversation, it is an ongoing process of ensuring that fuel subsidy that fuel subsidy is eliminated from the Nigerian economy, that is what Mr. President intent is and that is what is being worked towards,” Edun said in an interview May.
On Tuesday, motorists spent hours in queues at the few filling stations dispensing petrol, while black marketers took advantage by raising their prices to between N1,000 and N1,100 per liter. Some retail outlets increased the pump price to N900 per liter, especially in Abuja, Nasarawa, and Niger.
NNPC explained that the queues were due to recent thunderstorms and logistics challenges that disrupted activities at fuel-loading jetties. However, the company stated that it is working with stakeholders to resolve the situation and clear the queues.
Reacting to this, Billy Gillis-Harry, president of the Petroleum Products Retail Outlets Owners Association of Nigeria, confirmed that the NNPC had assured marketers that the issue was being addressed.
However, he explained that the queues might not disappear in the next few days, noting that locations far from major depots would experience longer periods of fuel queues.
‘Once they start loading, it takes some days to clear the queues. And don’t forget that filling stations in Abuja get products from Lagos, Oghara, Warri, Port Harcourt or Calabar, and that takes more than three days turn-around time to accomplish,” he stated.
On whether the situation was being resolved as stated by NNPC, Gillis-Harry said, “Yes it is being addressed and we’ve had an in-depth review of the matter. They’ve assured us that they are working on it and so we should be able to get products in our retail outlets.
‘We could see what their challenges were, but during our conversation, we were able to know that NNPCL is working hard to tackle this situation. So we are certain that in the coming days petroleum products should be available and circulate widely.”
However, Gillis-Harry stated that marketers could not confirm the NNPCL’s claim that thunderstorms had disrupted the loading of products at jetties.
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“Rather, as far as we are concerned there is a supply glitch which is now being addressed by NNPC,” the PETROAN president stated.
He emphasized that to achieve a lasting solution to fuel scarcity and queues in Nigeria, the government and NNPC must collaborate with downstream oil sector operators.
“We had recommended that NNPCL should have a clearly-defined council made up of all the grassroots knowledge of the business so that when we sit down and discuss we can always project what is likely going to be our problem based on empirical evidence. We should be data-driven by the design and plan that we put together,” he stated.
Residents of Ogun State purchased petrol at prices ranging between N700 and N750 per litre at most independent filling stations on Monday, July 8.
It was learned that some filling stations did not sell petrol to customers on the same day. The stations experiencing queues were those operated by NNPC, where petrol was sold at N568 per litre.
