The Federal Government intends to discourage importation of some items that can be easily be produced in Nigeria, including cassava, rice and wheat products. At the same time, it encourages those interested in local production and export to develop the local manufacture of these crops. The government has paid attention to the development of agriculture and other non-oil exportable products. Cassava production, processing into chips & pellets, industrial starch, ethanol, garri, cassava flour and foo-foo are still very lucrative agro- industrial projects.
Every hand should be on deck to encourage cassava production either through provision of funds or through encouragement of production for export market.
Here is the potential.
Cassava is an important annual food grown throughout Nigeria.
It is tuberous and has the ability to thrive in poor soils and has considerable resistance to drought. It is also used to refer to the root of this tropical plant. It is botanically calledmanihot esculenta and also called maniac or tapioca. Cassava is seen as readily available raw materials for small and medium scale industries in Nigeria. Garri is produced from the root of this crop.
Export types
Cassava for export includes dry cassava leaves, chips, pellets, cassava meal, flour and starch and ethanol. All these products can be exported. Detailed research reports and feasibility studies report on establishment and running of any these aspects of the project are available and would be given to prospective investors.
Uses
Cassava is used mainly for producing animal feed. The dry roots chips and pellets are usually preferred by industrial animal feeds producers in America and Europe. Alcohol is also extracted from cassava. Textile industries and food industries need starch.
Production
Nigeria is a major producer of this tropical crops with output conservatively put at over 50, 000 metric tons. However, until 1996, cassava and its allied products were on the export prohibition list. From 1996, its ban was lifted. With this policy action, Nigeria exporters were given the opportunity to develop export markets for this product.
Apart from Nigeria, other major tropical developing countries that produce cassava include Brazil, Thailand, Indonesia and Zaire.
Nigeria’s over 60,000 metric tons are almost totally processed and consumed locally.
Export
Globally, only 15 percent of total production of cassava is exported, with Thailand being the major exporter of cassava products. As earlier stated, cassava and its derivatives were de-listed from the export prohibition lists since 1996 and any Nigerian can invest and export any processed products. Its export is now encouraged among other food crops for which Nigeria is a major producer by present administration.
Direction of export
The direction of cassava export is mainly Europe and North America, with European Union accounting for about 90 percent of the total buyers. Details of the foreign buyers of industrial starch, cassava chips & pellets and cassava flour would be given to prospective investors on contacting the writer. About 30 percent of cassava production globally is used for starch and other industrial products and only less than one percent is processed into ethanol particularly in Brazil. It is a choice animal feed material because of its high carbohydrate content. It is, however, mixed with protein source such as soya beans.
Europe market overview
The Europe is the major importer of cassava for animal production. Details would be given to prospective investors. Animal production, being the main attraction of Agriculture in Europe, accounted for about 70 percent of total agricultural output. The compound feed formulation is the main attraction for cassava. About 90 percent of the traded cassava in the Europe is from the developing countries, such as Nigeria. Main suppliers are Thailand (about 85 per cent), and Indonesia (about six percent). Sub- Saharan Africa is yet to contribute significantly to world trade in cassava with about three percent recorded in the early part of the millennium.
The principal buyer of cassava in the Europe is Netherlands, (accounting for over 40 percent of total Europe imports); Germany (about 20 per cent), Belgium and Luxembourg (about 13 percent), France (eight percent), U.K (10 percent) and Italy (two percent). Details breakdown would be given to prospective investors the exportable quality standards.
Transportation and handling
Transportation and handling constitute high levels of cost of inputs in preparation of cassava for export. This is due to the bulky nature of the product. This cost could be as high as 50 per cent of total cost.
Proper management of cost reduction programme is, therefore, recommended for those who wish to venture into the export of cassava as reduction of costs will afford better competitiveness. Cassava pellets are usual cheaper to transport and handle than other exportable processed cassava products like industrial starch. The standard of the product is very important.
Quality
Feed millers are very critical about quality. Consistency of quality is very important for them to maintain the standards of their products.
Quality is usually in terms of nutritive value. Minimum standard specifications are as follows 70 percent, 70 percent and 62 percent stand for chips, flour and pellets respectively while moisture content is 14 percent. Fiber is five percent and ash, three percent content, for all the three products. Details would be given to prospective investors on contacting the writer.
Chips are normally white or near white, clean, free of mould and foreign matter insect damage and without off odours. Length of chips should be 4-5mm. It should be noted that if quality standard is not maintained, the export project is bound to collapse. Therefore, it must be worked out carefully.
Packaging
Packing is done in sacks of cotton, multi-craft paper bags or clean jute bag; pellets should be uniform in shape and size, less fragile and should be compatible for handling, storage and transportation. Pelletizing equipment exists for production of pellets. Prospective investors should not be afraid of the quality control because the writer, through years of experience, can guide any investor to success.
The current price of Thailand hard pellets (Nigeria’s equivalent) is as high as 3,500 DM per ton.
The plants and machinery for setting up the cassava chips and pellets, industrial starch and flour are locally available. However, arrangements can be made for foreign machines on request. There are foreign machines from Brazil, South Korea, Japan, and India, among other countries. Prospective investors would be given the details and would be comprehensively worked out in the bankable feasibility studies report. The raw materials, labour and all other required inputs are locally available.
All other essential details, including accommodation, manpower, production technology, packaging and marketing will be embodied in a bankable and comprehensive feasibility report for prospective investor.
There is another good advantage that is worth mentioning that prospective investors will derive from investing into this project. The export processing zones (EPZs) can provide accommodation to serious investors. At the same time, they would ensure quality processing of their export products. Details would be given to prospective investors on contacting the writer.
Uba, Godwin
Global Trust Consulting,
56, Ishaga Road (1st floor), Surulere, Lagos
Tel: 08034494437, 08023664368
Email: [email protected]
