As Nigeria prepares for the 2027 elections, critical reforms are necessary to enhance transparency, credibility, and efficiency in the electoral process. Addressing long-standing issues such as impartiality, inclusiveness, integrity, and accuracy will be key to strengthening the country’s democracy. The National Assembly’s ongoing efforts to amend the Electoral Act 2022 should prioritize these improvements, particularly by leveraging technology to enhance electoral transparency and efficiency.
Strengthening electronic transmission of results
One significant reform area is the electronic transmission of results. Real-time digital reporting can minimise errors and manipulation during collation while expediting the announcement process. This would not only enhance public trust but also create verifiable digital records for evidence-based dispute resolution. Implementing a more robust and transparent electronic transmission system will reduce post-election litigations and improve the credibility of election outcomes.
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Enhancing biometric voter accreditation
The Bimodal Voter Accreditation System (BVAS) has already made strides in reducing voter fraud, but further improvements are needed. Transitioning from Permanent Voter Cards (PVCs) to an advanced biometric system would streamline accreditation and voting processes while cutting costs associated with card production and distribution. This would ensure that only eligible voters participate while minimising logistical challenges and financial burdens on the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC).
Safeguarding INEC’s Independence
To prevent political interference, the process of appointing the INEC chairman and commissioners must be reassessed. The Justice Uwais committee previously recommended transferring this responsibility from the president to an independent body such as the National Judicial Council (NJC) or the Council of State. A more impartial approach would be the establishment of a selection committee comprising representatives from the judiciary, civil society, academia, and electoral experts. This would ensure that appointments are based on merit and free from political influence, enhancing INEC’s credibility.
Other countries, such as South Africa and Ghana, have successfully implemented independent selection processes for electoral commission members. Nigeria must adopt a similar model to promote fairness and transparency in its electoral management body.
Expanding voter education and inclusivity
Voter education must be intensified, particularly in underserved communities, to increase participation among youths, women, and persons with disabilities (PWDs). Political parties should shift their campaign strategies from voter inducements to transparency, accountability, and issue-based engagements. Additionally, adopting transparent fundraising practices, including public disclosure of funding sources, will enhance accountability and curb political corruption.
Increasing women’s political participation is also critical. Implementing gender quotas and reducing barriers to entry—such as high nomination fees—can create a more inclusive political landscape. Similarly, lowering fees and expanding outreach for youth and PWDs will foster broader representation and a more democratic process.
Strengthening electoral security
Electoral violence remains a persistent issue in Nigeria. Past elections have witnessed voter intimidation, ballot box snatching, and violent disruptions. A robust security framework is necessary to protect voters and election personnel. Security agencies must collaborate with community-based organisations and civil society groups to monitor potential threats and enhance early warning systems. Proactive interventions and strict enforcement of election security protocols will deter violence and ensure a peaceful electoral process.
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Combating vote buying and electoral corruption
Vote buying has emerged as a major challenge, with politicians exploiting economic hardships to sway voters through monetary incentives. Reports from recent elections in Edo and Ondo states highlight the prevalence of this practice. To curb vote buying, Nigeria must implement a robust campaign finance monitoring system to track political expenditures and ensure compliance with electoral laws. Strengthening law enforcement and imposing stringent penalties on offenders will further deter this corrupt practice.
Conclusion
The 2027 elections present a crucial opportunity to fortify Nigeria’s democracy through meaningful electoral reforms. By prioritising electronic transmission of results, enhancing biometric accreditation, ensuring INEC’s independence, expanding voter education, strengthening security, and combating vote buying, Nigeria can establish a more transparent and credible electoral system. These reforms will not only improve public trust but also ensure that elected officials genuinely reflect the will of the people, laying the foundation for a more stable and prosperous nation.
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