Top 10 African countries relying on French military hardware

France remains a key supplier of military equipment to several African nations, particularly those with longstanding defence cooperation agreements. Data from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) shows that between 2018 and 2022, France accounted for 7.6% of Africa’s military imports, behind Russia (40%), the United States (16%), and China (9.8%).

The demand for French military hardware is driven by security threats, military modernisation efforts, and bilateral agreements. Countries facing insurgency, border conflicts, and maritime security concerns continue to procure equipment to strengthen their defence capabilities. France’s support extends beyond hardware supply, including training and financing arrangements.

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Between 2013 and 2022, France exported €2.81 billion worth of military equipment to Africa, with North and West Africa being key markets. The Sahel region, a focus of counterterrorism operations, has received aircraft, armoured vehicles, and surveillance systems.

However, geopolitical shifts are affecting France’s military ties in Africa. Some governments have reduced France’s presence, while competition from Russia and China has intensified. Despite these changes, France remains a significant player in global arms exports, recording €27 billion in defence sales in 2022.

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According to the Parliament Report on France’s Arms Exports, here are the top 10 African countries relying on French military hardware

1. Morocco

Morocco is the leading importer of French military hardware in Africa. The country has invested €1.1 billion in procurement, focusing on strengthening its defence capabilities. Morocco’s imports include aircraft, naval equipment, and armoured vehicles, reinforcing its military position in the region.

2. Algeria

Algeria follows with imports worth €522 million. The country has historically relied on Russia for military supplies but continues to source equipment from France. Algeria’s purchases include helicopters, surveillance technology, and combat vehicles.

3. Botswana

Botswana has acquired €283 million worth of French military hardware. The procurement is aimed at modernising its defence systems, with a focus on air defence and ground combat equipment. The country’s purchases include armoured vehicles and advanced communication systems.

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4. Tanzania

Tanzania has imported military hardware worth €115 million from France. The country has sought to enhance its naval and ground forces, acquiring maritime patrol boats and surveillance technology to bolster security efforts.

5. Senegal

Senegal has secured €110 million worth of French military equipment. The procurement includes aircraft, naval patrol vessels, and infantry equipment. The country’s defence strategy is focused on regional security and counterterrorism efforts.

6. Niger

Niger has imported €83.4 million in military hardware from France. Given its security challenges, including insurgency threats, the country has prioritised the acquisition of surveillance drones, armoured vehicles, and small arms.

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7. Nigeria

Nigeria has spent €72.0 million on French military imports. With ongoing security concerns, including insurgency and maritime threats, Nigeria has acquired helicopters, naval vessels, and other equipment to enhance its defence operations.

8. South Africa

South Africa has imported €58.4 million worth of French military hardware. The country has focused on upgrading its air force and naval capabilities, including transport aircraft and coastal patrol boats.

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9. Cameroon

Cameroon has secured €50.3 million in French military equipment. The procurement includes armoured personnel carriers and light combat vehicles aimed at countering insurgency and border threats.

10. Ivory Coast

Ivory Coast has imported €43.7 million worth of French military hardware. The country has prioritised security enhancements, acquiring patrol boats, military trucks, and surveillance equipment.