Six U.S. work visa options as H-1B rejections rise

Foreign professionals seeking employment in the United States have several work visa options beyond the H-1B. These alternatives cater to different job categories, including company transfers, agricultural labour, athletes, trainees, religious workers, and cultural exchange participants.

Each visa category has specific requirements, including eligibility criteria, employer sponsorship, and duration limits. Understanding these conditions can help foreign professionals determine the most suitable option for employment in the United States. Employers must comply with regulatory guidelines for each visa type to facilitate the hiring process.

Read also: Top 10 U.S. companies with most H-1B visa approvals

Here are 6 U.S. work visa options as H-1B rejections rise

L-1 Visa: Transfer between multinational companies

The L-1 visa allows multinational companies to transfer executives, managers, or employees with specialised knowledge to their U.S. offices. It has two subcategories: L-1A for executives and managers and L-1B for employees with specialised knowledge. This visa has no annual cap, making it an option for individuals unable to secure an H-1B visa.

To qualify, applicants must have worked for the same company outside the U.S. for at least one year before the transfer. This visa does not permit switching employers but allows for dual intent, meaning the visa holder can transition to permanent residency.

Read also: Here are top 15 H-1B visa sponsors and approval numbers

H-2A Visa: Temporary agricultural workers

The H-2A visa is available for foreign agricultural workers taking temporary jobs in the U.S. It is used in sectors such as farming, livestock, and nurseries to address seasonal labour shortages. Unlike the H-1B, this visa has no numerical cap and allows workers to stay for up to three years.

The application process is generally straightforward, but it is limited to agricultural positions and does not offer a direct path to permanent residency.

P Visa: Athletes and entertainers

The P visa category is available for internationally recognised athletes, artists, and entertainers. It has three subtypes: P-1 for athletes and teams, P-2 for artists performing under reciprocal exchange programmes, and P-3 for artists participating in culturally unique programmes.

Applicants must provide proof of international recognition and obtain sponsorship from an employer. The visa duration depends on contract terms, and extensions are possible. However, it is restricted to specific industries.

Read also: Here’s how to check your US H-1B visa status

H-3 Visa: Training and special education exchange

The H-3 visa allows individuals to receive training in fields unavailable in their home country, including aviation, medical research, and finance. This visa is not designed for regular employment but enables participation in structured training programmes.

There is no annual cap on H-3 visas, but they do not permit work beyond training activities. This visa also does not apply to graduate medical training.

R Visa: Religious workers

The R visa is for individuals working in religious vocations within recognised religious organisations. Applicants must have a job offer from a religious entity and perform duties related to religious work.

There is no cap on R visas, and they provide a pathway to permanent residency. However, sponsorship by a religious organisation is required, and the role must involve religious duties.

Read also: 5 key changes in Australia’s international student visa policy so far

Q Visa: Cultural exchange programme

The Q visa is for foreign nationals participating in cultural exchange programmes that promote international traditions and art. It is commonly used for cultural instructors and museum professionals involved in designated exchange initiatives.

The Q visa does not have an annual cap but is restricted to cultural exchange activities. It does not provide a direct path to long-term employment.